Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a SiO2/carbon nanofiber composite on the basis of a nickel/copper catalyst using electrophoretic deposition, and a method for manufacturing a secondary battery using the same as an anode material. The method for manufacturing a SiO2/carbon nanofiber composite on the basis of a nickel/copper catalyst using electrophoretic deposition including: depositing a nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) catalyst on a carbon fiber textile by electrophoretic deposition using a carbon electrode as an anode and the carbon fiber textile as a cathode; reducing the carbon fiber textile on which the nickel and copper catalyst is deposited; growing carbon nanofiber on the reduced carbon fiber textile to by chemical vapor deposition using an ethylene gas; and coating the grown carbon nanofiber with SiO2.