A coating material filling and discharging device includes a coating material supply part configured to supply a coating material to a coating material storage bag arranged inside a case of a coating material cartridge, an extrusion liquid supply part configured to supply extrusion liquid to a surrounding region outside the coating material storage bag within the case, and store the extrusion liquid discharged from the case, an extrusion liquid route that connects an extrusion liquid supply part and the surrounding region with each other, a flowmeter provided in the extrusion liquid route, and a control part configured to determine whether or not filling of the coating material in the coating material cartridge is completed based on a drop of flow speed of the extrusion liquid.