A semiconductor device structure is provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor device structure includes a first conductive plug and a second conductive plug over the semiconductor substrate and adjacent to each other. The semiconductor device structure includes a first conductive via structure and a second conductive via structure over the semiconductor substrate and adjacent to each other. A first distance between the first conductive plug and the second conductive plug is less than a second distance between the first conductive via structure and the second conductive via structure. A first height of the first conductive plug is greater than a second height of the first conductive via structure.