Systems and methods for modelling an engine in a vehicle are provided. A method can include determining a first solver for modelling the engine. The first solver can include a first routine configured for determining one or more parameters of the engine. The method can further include obtaining a first set of inputs associated with the first solver. The first set of inputs can include one or more inputs obtained from the first solver and one or more previous engine states. The method can further include modelling the engine based at least in part on the first set of inputs to generate a first set of outputs. The first set of outputs can include one or more parameters of the engine and one or more engine states. The method can further include providing the one or more parameters to the solver.