Disclosed herein are a surge prevention apparatus and method for a centrifugal compressor. The surge prevention apparatus includes a control unit for controlling a gas provision operation based on a flow rate and pressure on an inlet side of a compressor and pressure on an outlet side of the compressor, and a gas provision unit for storing a part of gas flowing into the inlet side of the compressor and providing the stored gas to the inlet side in response to a control signal from the control unit.