A local high-resolution imaging method and apparatus for a three-dimensional (3D) skeletal image is provided. The method includes determining a volume of interest (VOI) to perform high-resolution imaging from the 3D skeletal image in which an object to be inspected is captured, localizing the VOI based on a finite element method (FEM), and setting a multi-resolution constraint based on a bone mineral density (BMD) between the 3D skeletal image and the localized VOI and reconstructing a skeletal image in which high-resolution imaging is performed on the localized VOI.