Provided is a data transmitting and receiving apparatus that may process a signal to be transmitted using a faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) method. The data transmitting and receiving apparatus may perform low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding on data to be transmitted using a first matrix having a first degree based on a preset reference and a second matrix having a single diagonal matrix structure, independently perform interleaving and symbol mapping on each of an information bit and a parity bit of the data, accelerate an output signal by a transmission rate based on the FTN method, and transmit the data.