Provided are dental polymerizable monomer compositions that can give cured products having high toughness and high rigidity, and dental compositions containing such dental polymerizable monomer compositions and cured products thereof having high mechanical properties. The dental polymerizable monomer composition includes a urethane acrylate compound (A) and a polymerizable compound (B) having at least one polymerizable group selected from methacryloyl groups and acryloyl groups, the urethane acrylate compound (A) being obtained by reacting a specific hydroxyacrylate (a1) with a diisocyanate (a2) having two isocyanate groups bonded to a divalent C6-9 aromatic hydrocarbon group or a divalent C6-9 bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group via a methylene group optionally substituted with a hydrocarbon group in place of a hydrogen atom, the proportion of the number of acryloyl groups present in the urethane acrylate compound (A) being 10% to less than 90% relative to the total number of (meth)acryloyl groups in the monomer composition.