Provided is a safety inspection apparatus for a bridge using an expansion joint with a load cell capable of inspecting safety of a bridge and checking an overweight of a traveling vehicle by including a load cell installed at a lower portion of an expansion joint installed between upper plates of a bridge to measure a load of a traveling vehicle, and a measuring device installed on the bridge to measure behavior of the bridge, determining a total weight of a vehicle to manage an operation of an overweight vehicle which hinders safety of a structure and road pavement, measuring and storing weight data of a vehicle passing over the bridge as behavior data of the bridge in real time, and determining performance, a degree of deterioration, and a damaged position of the bridge without a separate safety inspection by analyzing the data over the long term.