An apparatus and a method. The apparatus includes a plurality of polarization processors, including n inputs and n outputs, where n is an integer, wherein the plurality of polarization processors is configured to polarize channels with different bit-channel reliability; and at least one permutation processor, including n inputs and n outputs, wherein each of the at least one permutation processor is connected between two of the plurality of polarization processors, and connects the n outputs of a first of the two of the plurality of polarizations processors to the n inputs of a second of the two of the plurality of polarization processors between which each of the at least one permutation processor is connected in a permutation pattern, wherein at least one permutation processor is configured to not further polarize a bit channel.