A photoelectric encoder includes light receiving units configured to output a plurality of photocurrent signals obtained by receiving light emitted from a light emission unit, via a scale, a signal conversion unit configured to output a conversion signal by converting the plurality of photocurrent signals, a position calculation unit configured to calculate an absolute position based on the conversion signal, and a microcomputer configured to perform drive control of the light emission unit, the signal conversion unit, and the position calculation unit. The microcomputer intermittently drives at least either one of the light emission unit and the signal conversion unit, and causes the position calculation unit to execute calculation according to a timing of intermit driving.