A method of optimizing graph operations is performed by a computing system. The method comprises: (1) receiving a first request to perform a first operation on a first graph, where the first graph comprises a set of vertices and a set of edges, each edge connecting a pair of vertices, and each vertex having one or more associated properties; (2) logging the first request, but not performing the first operation; (3) receiving a second request to perform a second operation; (4) logging the second request, but not performing the second operation; (5) receiving a query for data from the first graph, where the data includes property values for one or more vertices; (6) in response to the query: (a) generating a second graph by optimizing and performing the first and second operations; and (b) returning data responsive to the query, where the returned data is based on the second graph.