A magnetic unlocking device and a magnetic unlocking structure of a magnetic encoding key. The magnetic unlocking structure includes a lock core device and a magnetic unlocking device. The lock core device includes a lock core casing, a lock knob which is provided in the internal cavity of the lock core casing, a lock care front end cover and a lock core rear end cover that are located at both ends of the lock core casing. The internal wall of the lock core casing is provided with a monad longitudinal moving groove and a monad horizontal rotating groove. The lock knob is provided with an unlocking hole. The external wall of the lock knob is provided with a monad longitudinal slide-way. The monad longitudinal slide-way and the monad longitudinal moving groove correspond to each other and form a monad moving cavity.