A method for transmitting control information, a channel or signal, and a corresponding sending end are provided. The method includes: after performing low bit rate coding and/or low order modulation on data containing the control information, carrying the data on partial physical resources of a reference signal for transmission, herein the coding rate is lower than the highest coding rate set by the system and the modulation order is lower than the highest modulation order set by the system. The method further includes: selecting one transmission mode from multiple transmission modes configured for the channel or signal; transmitting known data; transmitting non-known data and being subject to a coding limitation and/or modulation limitation; and transmitting the non-known data and not being subject to the modulation limitation and the coding limitation; and sending transmission mode configuration information to a receiving end to indicate the selected transmission mode.