Provided is a method for detecting whether a random access channel (RACH) preamble collision occurs in a wireless communication system. An evolved Node B (eNB) receives, from a first user equipment (UE), a first RACH preamble generated by using a combination of a plurality of sequences, and also receives, from a second UE, a second RACH preamble generated by using one sequence. The eNB detects whether a collision occurs between the first RACH preamble and the second RACH preamble on the basis of the received patterns of the first RACH preamble and the second RACH preamble, wherein the received patterns of the first RACH preamble and the second RACH preamble are based on channel delay caused by multiple paths.