Provided are an electronic device and an operating method for communication using a two-dimensional (2D) color code. The electronic device includes a memory storing instructions and at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to execute the instructions to obtain an image including a 2D color code in which a plurality of cells are located, the plurality of cells comprising base cells and data cells, detect an outline in the image including the 2D color code, based on a first figure of the base cells, a color of the base cells, and a second figure whose vertex is defined by the base cells, detect the base cells among objects that are identified based on the detected outline, detect the 2D color code in the image based on the detected base cells in the 2D color code and decode colors of the data cells included in the 2D color code to obtain data.