Embodiments of the present application provide a physical downlink data channel transmission method, a base station, and user equipment. The physical downlink data channel transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application includes: mapping a physical downlink data channel to a time-frequency resource in at least one timeslot, where a time-frequency resource in each timeslot includes at least one enhanced physical resource block pair, and the enhanced physical resource block pair includes two consecutive physical resource blocks in a frequency domain in a same timeslot; and sending the physical downlink data channel to UE. In the embodiments of the present application, a transmission time interval of the physical downlink data channel can be reduced.