Embodiments of the present invention relate to a V2V-based resource allocation method and apparatus. The method includes: receiving a resource request message sent by first user equipment; identifying, according to the resource request message, a level type corresponding to the first user equipment; if the level type is a high priority type, and a quantity of blocks of idle V2V resources in a first resource pool is less than a first preset threshold, or a quantity of required resource blocks that is calculated and a modulation and coding scheme is greater than a quantity of blocks of idle V2V resources in a first resource pool, allocating a V2V resource to the first user equipment. By means of the V2V-based resource allocation method and apparatus, quality of service of user equipment of a high priority type can be ensured.