Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for in-memory-based virtual desktop service. The apparatus for in-memory-based virtual desktop service includes a connection broker for performing a task for coordinating a delivery protocol that is used between at least one user terminal that uses virtual desktop service and multiple servers that provide the virtual desktop service, a resource pool for providing software resources including an Operating System (OS) for the virtual desktop service; and virtual machine infrastructure for supporting hardware resources, and dynamically allocating software stored in the software resources to the hardware resources.