Audio sampling and user profile generation of advertisement control techniques are described. In one or more implementations, in a digital environment in which advertisements are dynamically selected for output and consumption by a user, a method is utilized to generate a user profile by one or more computing devices that serves as a basis for this dynamic selection. The method includes generating the user profile based on monitored consumption of content by a user, the consumption monitored through capture of audio data output in an environment of a user and identification of the audio data through comparison of hash values calculated from the captured audio data. The method also includes determining suitability of one or more of a plurality of advertisements for output to and consumption by the user based on the generated user profile and controlling output of the one or more of the plurality of advertisements to the user based on the determined suitability.