Disclosed is a method for encoding a first image in a set of images, in which the first image is cut into blocks, each block being encoded according to one from a plurality of encoding modes including at least one temporal correlation prediction encoding mode using a plurality of images from the set of images. The method includes, for a current block of the first image: determining a first motion estimation vector of the current block, determining a value of a visual distortion metric for a temporal correlation prediction encoding mode, the visual distortion metric using a distance between a first temporal prediction vector of the current block pointing to the second image and the first motion estimation vector of the current block, and using the value of the visual distortion metric to encode the current block.