The present disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate than a 4G communication system such as LTE. An embodiment of the present specification relates to an apparatus and a method for MIMO transmission and reception in a closed-loop beamforming system. A communication method of a base station, according to one embodiment of the present invention, may comprise the steps of: transmitting information for channel measurement to a terminal; receiving channel-related information from the terminal; transmitting a first symbol via at least two antennas; and transmitting a second symbol via the at least two antennas by applying different channel mapping rules to the second symbol in the at least two antennas. One embodiment of the present invention can improve overall performance without downward leveling by a symbol transmitted via an antenna having low average channel power.