An electronic device includes a display, a vibration element positioned under the display, a microphone, and a processor electrically connected to the display, the vibration element, and the microphone. The processor is configured to allow the vibration element to vibrate the display such that the display outputs a first signal having a first waveform. The electronic device obtains a second signal having a second waveform through the microphone in response to the output of the first signal. In addition, the processor controls the display based on a result of comparing the first waveform and the second waveform.