Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a backoff window adjustment method, and an apparatus. In downlink transmission, a base station obtains a trigger condition for adjusting a length of a backoff window on a first channel, and adjusts the length of the backoff window of the base station on the first channel according to the obtained trigger condition for adjusting the length of the backoff window on the first channel. In uplink transmission, a user equipment (UE) obtains a trigger condition for adjusting a length of a backoff window on a first channel, and adjusts the length of the backoff window of the UE on the first channel according to the obtained trigger condition for adjusting the length of the backoff window on the first channel.