A transparent plate includes a transparent substrate and an antifouling layer. A surface of the transparent substrate includes a fine projecting and recessed structure with a surface roughness of 2.0-100 nm. The antifouling layer includes fluorine, and at least a part of the antifouling layer is formed on a position of the fine projecting and recessed structure. A haze value of the transparent plate at the position of the fine projecting and recessed structure is 2% or less. A value of X defined by (S1−S2)/(S3−S2) is 0.5 or more, where S1, S2 and S3 are F-Kα line strengths of the transparent plate at the position of the fine projecting and recessed structure, a reference glass plate that does not include fluorine, and a reference aluminosilicate glass plate that includes fluorine of 2 wt %, respectively, and S1, S2 and S3 are measured by a fluorescent X-ray measurement device.