Disclosed are a codebook-based signal transmission/reception method in a multi-antenna wireless communication system, and a device for same. Specifically, provided is a method by which a terminal transmits/receives a signal on the basis of a codebook, in a 2-dimensional multi-antenna wireless communication system, comprising the steps of: receiving a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from a base station, via a multi-antenna port; and reporting channel state information to the base station. The channel state information comprises a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) for indicating a precoding matrix. The PMI comprises a first PMI for selecting a precoding matrix set from a codebook, and a second PMI for selecting one precoding matrix from the precoding matrix set. The pair of the first dimensional index and second dimensional index of the precoding matrix belonging to the precoding matrix set is (x, y), (x+2, y), (x, y+1), (x+1, y+1), x and y being whole numbers that are not negative.