The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method for configuring a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource, a method for acquiring a PRACH resource configuration, a base station, and user equipment. The method for configuring a resource includes configuring, by a base station, a supported coverage enhancement level and a PRACH resource corresponding to the coverage enhancement level, and transmitting, by the base station to user equipment, a resource index and/or resource configuration information of the PRACH resource configured for the coverage enhancement level, so that the user equipment acquires the corresponding PRACH resource, and transmits a preamble on the acquired PRACH resource.