A method for measuring a stress field evolution during a CO2 fracturing process is provided, which is adopted to not only transparently display the spatial distribution and propagation morphology of internal fracturing fracture of a three-dimensional physical models, but also obtain internal three-dimensional stress phase diagram in a fracture propagation process by integration of a CT scanning, a digital reconstruction, a 3D printing, a CO2 fracturing experiment, a stress freezing and a photoelastic measurement techniques, thereby realizing transparent display and quantitative characterization of the three-dimensional stress field and its evolution law of a solid matter in the CO2 fracturing process.