A receiving state indication method for an aggregate-media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (A-MPDU) and a receiving device in order to indicate a receiving state of the A-MPDU including a MAC service data unit (MSDU) fragment, where the method includes receiving, by a receive end, the A-MPDU from a transmit end, and sending, by the receive end to the transmit end, an acknowledgement frame indicating a receiving state of the A-MPDU when at least one MPDU in the A-MPDU is obtained by encapsulating the fragment of the MSDU, where the acknowledgement frame includes a fragment indication field and a receiving state field.