A data storage method includes steps of: selecting an active block to store data from a host; determining whether a power drop/loss event has occurred; when it is determined that a power drop/loss event has occurred, recording an index of the active block and an index of a last data-containing page in the active block; generating a primary F2H mapping table; and writing the primary F2H mapping table, the index of the active block and the index of the last data-containing page into a designated block. A data storage device and a data recovery program are also provided.