Methods, systems, and computer-readable media for disaggregated graphics asset management for virtualized graphics are disclosed. A virtual GPU attached to a virtual compute instance is provisioned in a multi-tenant provider network. The virtual compute instance is implemented using a physical compute instance, and the virtual GPU is implemented using a physical GPU. A plurality of graphics assets are added to a graphics asset repository. The graphics assets are associated with corresponding identifiers and access restrictions in the graphics asset repository. One or more graphics instructions are executed on the virtual GPU using one or more graphics assets corresponding to one or more identifiers associated with the graphics instructions. The one or more graphics assets are obtained by the virtual GPU from the graphics asset repository using the one or more identifiers.