A data scrambling method and a scrambling apparatus, where the method includes a scrambling apparatus scrambling a data stream including a first data block and a second data block. The first data block and the second data block may belong to a same sub-data stream, or may belong to different sub-data streams. A specification of the data stream when the first data block and the second data block belong to a same sub-data stream is different from a specification of the data stream when the first data block and the second data block belong to different sub-data streams, and the scrambling apparatus can scramble data streams of different specifications.