Provided is a carbonaceous material used in a negative electrode of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that shows favorable charge/discharge capacities and low resistance and having favorable resistance to oxidative degradation. The carbonaceous material has an average interplanar spacing d002 of the (002) plane of 0.36 to 0.42 nm calculated by using the Bragg equation according to a wide-angle X-ray diffraction method, a specific surface area of 20 to 65 m2/g obtained by a nitrogen adsorption BET three-point method, a nitrogen element content of 0.3 mass % or less, an oxygen element content of 2.5 mass % or less, and an average particle diameter of 1 to 4 μm according to a laser scattering method.