The present application provides a frequency domain spreading and de-spreading method and apparatus. In embodiments of the present application, user equipment acquires indication information of an orthogonal sequence used by a transmission physical uplink control channel (PUCCH); the user equipment spreads, according to an orthogonal sequence corresponding to the indication information of the orthogonal sequence, a frequency domain for uplink control information borne by the PUCCH; and the user equipment transmits, over a frequency domain resource corresponding to the PUCCH, the uplink control information of which the frequency domain is spread. The present application can spread a frequency domain for uplink control information borne by a PUCCH.