An airborne microorganism measurement device includes a housing including a first body and a second body, an air passage formed between the first body and the second body such that air containing airborne microorganisms pass therethrough, a charging part and a collecting part disposed in the air passage to charge and collect the airborne microorganisms, a high voltage generating device provided in the first body to supply a high voltage to the charging part and the collecting part, and a light emitting unit and a light receiving part provided in the second body to detect a fluorescent signal generated by irradiating the airborne microorganisms collected in the collecting unit with light.