A horizontal rotary screen transfer printing device includes a frame, two or more sets of rotary screen transfer printing assemblies which are horizontally disposed on the frame, and a back-pressure roller. Each rotary screen transfer printing assembly includes a rotary screen plate roller and a transfer roller arranged parallel to each other. The rotary screen plate roller transfers a pattern onto the transfer roller serving as a temporary transfer carrier. The transfer roller transfers the pattern onto a fabric passing between the back-pressure roller and the transfer roller in a horizontal direction.