A topology processing method, apparatus, and system are provided. The topology processing method includes: obtaining, by a topology processing apparatus, a first onsite image collected from an optical distribution network ODN, where the first onsite image includes at least an imaging of a first port of a first ODN device, the first port is connected to a first cable, a first identification area used to identify the first cable is disposed on the first cable, and the first onsite image further includes at least an imaging of the first identification area on the first cable; and identifying, by the topology processing apparatus, the first cable based on the first identification area on the first onsite image, and identifying, based on the first onsite image, the first port connected to the first cable; and generating a first correspondence between the first ODN device, the first port, and the first cable.