A channel quality indicator feedback method and device. The method includes: determining, by a terminal device, a response message of data and a channel state, where the response message includes an acknowledgement message and/or a negative acknowledgement message; determining, by the terminal device, first channel state information based on the response message of the data and the channel state; and sending, by the terminal device, the response message and the first channel state information to the network side device. According to the method and apparatus provided, reliability of downlink data from a base station can be improved.