A gonioscopic attachment can attach to a gonioscope and can include atraumatic retention elements that are configured to engage an eye to retain the gonioscope relative to the eye. The gonioscopic attachment can be configured to position the gonioscope so that at least a portion of the concave distal surface of the gonioscopic optical element is spaced apart from the eye, and/or so that the curvature of the distal surface is angularly offset from the curvature of the eye. The gonioscope can include a fixation point configured to be visible to the subject when the gonioscope is positioned on the eye. In some embodiments, the retention elements can be incorporated directly into the gonioscope. A coupling mechanism can couple the gonioscope to a lid speculum. The gonioscope can include a light pipe, which can be configured to directly light into the eye.