A human-powered vehicle control device includes an electronic controller for controlling a transmission that changes a ratio of a rotational speed of a drive wheel to a rotational speed of a crank of the human-powered vehicle. The electronic controller switches the transmission from a first control state to a second control state in accordance with at least one of a human drive force, a rider's posture, a vehicle body attitude, a handle force, and a human-powered vehicle travel state, In the first control state, the electronic controller controls the transmission to change the ratio in accordance with an operation of a shift operating unit. In the second control state, irrespective of the operation of the shift operating unit, the electronic controller controls the transmission such that the ratio increases in accordance with the travel state of the human-powered vehicle and/or a travel environment of the human-powered vehicle.