Real-time alerts and transmission of selected signal samples is disclosed. One example is a system including a base facility linked to a production station with an alerting system to perform anomaly analysis utilizing an anomaly model. A receiver at the base facility receives, from the production station, a selection of signal samples based on the anomaly analysis, where the received selection is optimized at the production station to be substantially relevant to an update of a statistical model while adhering to a dynamic capacity limitation of the production station. The statistical model is maintained at the base facility and incorporates features related to the production station. A management system at the base facility updates the statistical model based on the received selection, optionally derives an updated anomaly model based on the statistical model, and optionally transmits the updated anomaly model to the production station.