The present disclosure relates to systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media for generating digital images of modified resolution by filtering in the frequency domain. For example, the disclosed systems can utilize a tiling procedure to generate discrete cosine transform blocks. The disclosed systems can further filter the quantized data of the discrete cosine transform blocks within the frequency domain using, for example, a Lanczos resampling kernel. In addition, the digital image resolution modification system can utilize sub-band approximation and block composition to generate a modified digital image.