Embodiments of the present invention provide a network congestion control method, a device, and a system. The method includes: receiving a first congestion control message, where the first congestion control message carries a 5-tuple of a packet that causes congestion; obtaining a flow identifier of the packet based on the 5-tuple of the packet that causes the congestion; generating a second congestion control message, where the second congestion control message carries the flow identifier corresponding to the 5-tuple; and sending the second congestion control message to a source node of the packet. In the embodiments of the present invention, a network congestion problem of a layer 3 IP network can be resolved.