The present disclosure generally relates to display technologies. A liquid crystal display panel includes: a light guide layer having a first refractive index, a refractive layer on the light guide layer, a first polarizing layer on the refractive layer, a color filter layer on the first polarizing layer, a liquid crystal layer on the color filter layer, and an array substrate on the liquid crystal layer. The refractive layer includes a plurality of higher refractive index portions having a second refractive index and a plurality of lower refractive index portions having a third refractive index, the plurality of higher refractive index portions and the plurality of lower refractive index portions being arranged in an alternating manner. The liquid crystal display panel is configured to emit light substantially through the higher refractive index portions of the refractive layer.