A handheld device for applying mechanical vibration to a body portion of an individual to treat a dry eye condition of the individual, includes: a housing; a member having a first portion accommodated in the housing, and a second portion that is moveable relative to the housing, wherein the second portion is for placement outside the individual, and is configured to oscillate to apply the mechanical vibration to the body portion; and a motor in the housing, the motor configured to cause the member to undergo bending action in a reciprocating manner to oscillate the second portion of the member at an oscillation frequency sufficient to induce tear production when the second portion of the member is applied towards a surface of the body portion.