A virtualization server may include a memory and a processor cooperating with the memory to operate a virtual session controller. The virtual session controller may be configured to assign virtual sessions to a plurality of different client devices, each virtual session having a respective user profile associated therewith, maintain a respective unique access token associated with each user profile separate from the client devices, relay the access tokens to a cloud computing service, receive the user profiles from the cloud computing service responsive to the unique access tokens, and synchronize with the cloud computing service changes in the user profiles responsive to the user sessions based upon the respective access tokens.