At least one neural network accelerator performs operations of a first subset of layers of a neural network on an input data set, generates an intermediate data set, and stores the intermediate data set in a shared memory queue in a shared memory. A first processor element of a host computer system provides input data to the neural network accelerator and signals the neural network accelerator to perform the operations of the first subset of layers of the neural network on the input data set. A second processor element of the host computer system reads the intermediate data set from the shared memory queue, performs operations of a second subset of layers of the neural network on the intermediate data set, and generates an output data set while the neural network accelerator is performing the operations of the first subset of layers of the neural network on another input data set.