A method includes obtaining respective filtered pixels for pixels of a reconstructed image; and obtaining an edge-preserved image using the respective filtered pixels. Obtaining the respective filtered pixels includes, for each pixel of the reconstructed image, obtaining a respective filtered pixel by selecting a pixel patch including the pixel and first neighboring pixels of the pixel that are at relative neighboring locations with respect to the pixel; calculating respective weights for the first neighboring pixels; and filtering the pixel using the respective weights of the first neighboring pixels and the neighboring pixels to obtain the respective filtered pixel. Calculating the respective weights includes, for each neighboring pixel of the first neighboring pixels, forming a neighboring patch including the neighboring pixel and second neighboring pixels, and calculating a neighboring patch distance between the pixel patch and the neighboring pixel; and calculating a respective weight using the neighboring patch distance.