A 3D printed drilling template (20, 30a, 30b, 30c) including: a rigid framework able to be manipulated by an operator or an automaton, and a set of traversing (22, 32a, 32b, 32c, 33c) orifices in the framework and arranged to guide the drilling of holes into a structure on which the drilling template is mounted, wherein the drilling template (20, 30a, 30b, 30c) is designed or revised on an ad-hoc basis and manufactured by 3D printing and using a 3D printing material based on a polymer material mixed with powdered graphene.