The disclosure provides a color filter substrate, including a base substrate and a black matrix in multiple rows and multiple columns arranged on the base substrate; a color filter layer on the base substrate, including a plurality of color channels arranged at intervals and defined by the multiple columns of the black matrix, and each color channel including a plurality of color units defined by the multiple rows of the black matrix; and at least one spacer reference structure, each including at least two sub-structures respectively arranged in at least two adjacent color channels and on a same row of the black matrix, each sub-structure being arranged on a surface of the black matrix distal to the base substrate; a height difference between surfaces of the at least two sub-structures distal to the base substrate is less than a first threshold.